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Niacin, niacinamide, nicotinamide, nicotinic acid or vitamin B3 is one of the water soluble vitamins. It is naturally present in many foods and is available as a dietary supplement. Absorbed niacin is metabolized into the coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), essential to catalyze more than 400 metabolic reactions in the body related to cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis and cellular antioxidant function. Tryptophan is also a source of niacin. The daily requirement for niacin is 17 mg (or 1,000 mg tryptophan) for lactating women. Many foods contain niacin: meat, fish, whole grains, nuts, legumes... (NIH 2022 and 2019, Ares 2015, Hall 2010)
Breast milk contains niacin (1.2–2.8 mg/L) and its concentration is higher in mature milk than in colostrum and initial milk. (Allen 2019, Ren 2015)
Niacin content in breast milk is highly correlated with maternal intake (Allen 2019, Greer 2001). In healthy breastfed infants of well-nourished mothers, there is little risk of niacin deficiency. (Greer 2001)
Severe niacin deficiency causes pellagra
An excess of niacin (more than 30 mg daily) can cause skin, gastrointestinal and hepatic side effects.
Recommendations for Drugs in the Eleventh WHO Model List of Essential Drugs: compatible with Breastfeeding. (WHO 2002)
A moderate consumption of niacin without exceeding the daily requirements is compatible with lactation.