Καρβαμαζεπίνη

It is a dibenzazepine derivative with antiepileptic and psychotropic properties. It is used in the treatment of certain epilepsies, trigeminal neuralgia, multiple sclerosis pain, and bipolar disorder. Oral administration 2 to 4 times a day.

It is excreted in breast milk in small amount. ^{(Kacirova 2021, Antonucci 2018, Lopes 2012, Zhao 2010, Shimoyama 2000, Brent 1998, Merlob 1992, Meyer 1988, Froescher 1984, Kuhnz 1983, Kok 1982, Niebyl 1979, Kaneko 1979, Pynnönen 1977 y 1975)}

Most infants do not have short-term or long-term clinical or developmental problems ^{(Vajda 2014, Meador 2014 & 2010, Veiby 2013, Johannessen 2005, Wisner 1998, Ito 1993, Niebyl 1979, Pynnönen 1977)}, although isolated cases of drowsiness, poor feeding, and transient liver dysfunction with cholestasis have been reported. ^{(Antonucci 2018, Frey 2002, Merlob 1992, Frey 1990, Kuhnz 1983)}

Plasma levels in the infants were between 5% and 40% of the corresponding maternal levels and always below the lower limit of the usual therapeutic range ^{(Mercadé 2012: 4-12 mg/L)} for carbamazepine. ^{(Kacirova 2021, Birnbaum 2020, Antonucci 2018, Grover 2015, Wisner 1998, Merlob 1992, Kuhnz 1983, Kok 1982, Pynnönen 1977 y 1975)}

One case of Deprivation Syndrome has been reported after sudden discontinuation of medication. ^{(Knott 1987)}

Several medical societies and expert authors consider the use of this medication possible during breastfeeding ^{(Hale, LactMed, Uguz 2021, Crettenand 2018, Briggs 2015, Schaefer 2015, Davanzo 2013, Rowe 2013, Mintzer 2011, O'Connor 2009, Harden 2009, Sharma 2009, Even 2006, Pack 2006, Pennell 2006, O'Brien 2005, Bar-Oz 2000, Hägg 2000)}. The American Academy of Pediatrics rates it as usually compatible with Breastfeeding ^{(AAP 2001)}. Eleventh WHO Model List of Essential Drugs 2002: Compatible with breastfeeding. ^{(WHO 2002)}

See below the information of these related products:

• Maternal Epilepsy (Fairly safe. Mild or unlikely adverse effects. Compatible under certain circumstances. Follow-up recommended. Read Commentary.)
• Maternal Psychotic Disorder. Maternal psychosis, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder (Fairly safe. Mild or unlikely adverse effects. Compatible under certain circumstances. Follow-up recommended. Read Commentary.)