Last update July 29, 2024

Amoxicillin

Compatible

Safe product and/or breastfeeding is the best option.

It is excreted in breast milk in insignificant amounts and no problems have been observed in the majority of infants of mothers who took it (Golstein, 2000, Kafetzis 1981, Ito 1993, Nau 1987) except for occasional episodes of mild diarrhea, rash or drowsiness that did not require medical attention. (Goldstein 2009, Benyamini 2005, Ito 1993)

It is a medication commonly used in Pediatrics and considered an essential medicine for pediatric use by WHO. (WHO 2013)

The possibility of transient gastroenteritis due to alteration of the intestinal flora in infants whose mothers take antibiotics should be taken into account. (Benyamini 2005, Ito 1993, Kafetzis 1981). Two mothers (one in 2017 and one in 2019) referred gastroenteritis in their nursing babies when taking amoxicillin themselves.

A mother told us in 2024 that she had noticed a change in the color of her milk on the second day of taking Amoxicillin, as if her breast milk was more “watery”

It is considered medication compatible with breastfeeding by relevant authors and scientific societies.(Hale, Rowe 2013, Nahum 2006, Mahadevan 2006, Bar-Oz 2003, CDC 2001, Chin 2000, Fulton 1992)

American Academy of Pediatrics: medication usually compatible with breastfeeding. (AAP 2001)

List of WHO essential medicines: compatible with breastfeeding. (WHO / UNICEF 2002)

Alternatives

We do not have alternatives for Amoxicillin since it is relatively safe.

Suggestions made at e-lactancia are done by APILAM team of health professionals, and are based on updated scientific publications. It is not intended to replace the relationship you have with your doctor but to compound it. The pharmaceutical industry contraindicates breastfeeding, mistakenly and without scientific reasons, in most of the drug data sheets.

Jose Maria Paricio, Founder & President of APILAM/e-Lactancia

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Other names

Amoxicillin is also known as


Amoxicillin in other languages or writings:

Group

Amoxicillin belongs to this group or family:

Tradenames

Main tradenames from several countries containing Amoxicillin in its composition:

List of 10 tradenames

Pharmacokinetics

Variable Value Unit
Oral Bioavail. 89 %
Molecular weight 365 daltons
Protein Binding 20 %
VD 0.3 l/Kg
pKa 3.2 -
Tmax 1 - 2 hours
T½ 1 - 1.7 hours
M/P ratio 0.01 - 0.04 -
Theoretical Dose 0.1 mg/Kg/d
Relative Dose 0.25 - 0.5 %
Ped.Relat.Dose 0.1 - 0.2 %

References

  1. Hale TW. Medications & Mothers' Milk. 1991- . Springer Publishing Company. Available from https://www.halesmeds.com Consulted on April 10, 2024 Full text (link to original source)
  2. van Wattum JJ, Leferink TM, Wilffert B, Ter Horst PGJ. Antibiotics and lactation: An overview of relative infant doses and a systematic assessment of clinical studies. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2019 Jan;124(1):5-17. Abstract
  3. Schaefer C, Peters P, Miller RK. Drugs During Pregnancy and Lactation. Treatment options and risk assessment. Elsevier, Third Edition. 2015
  4. Briggs GG, Freeman RK, Towers CV, Forinash AB. Drugs in Pregnancy and Lactation: A Reference Guide to Fetal and Neonatal Risk. Wolters Kluwer Health. Tenth edition (acces on line) 2015
  5. Rowe H, Baker T, Hale TW. Maternal medication, drug use, and breastfeeding. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2013 Feb;60(1):275-94. Abstract
  6. Goldstein LH, Berlin M, Tsur L, Bortnik O, Binyamini L, Berkovitch M. The safety of macrolides during lactation. Breastfeed Med. 2009 Dec;4(4):197-200. Abstract
  7. Nahum GG, Uhl K, Kennedy DL. Antibiotic use in pregnancy and lactation: what is and is not known about teratogenic and toxic risks. Obstet Gynecol. 2006 Abstract
  8. Mahadevan U, Kane S. American gastroenterological association institute technical review on the use of gastrointestinal medications in pregnancy. Gastroenterology. 2006 Jul;131(1):283-311. Review. Abstract Full text (link to original source) Full text (in our servers)
  9. Benyamini L, Merlob P, Stahl B, Braunstein R, Bortnik O, Bulkowstein M, Zimmerman D, Berkovitch M. The safety of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and cefuroxime during lactation. Ther Drug Monit. 2005 Abstract
  10. Bar-Oz B, Bulkowstein M, Benyamini L, Greenberg R, Soriano I, Zimmerman D, Bortnik O, Berkovitch M. Use of antibiotic and analgesic drugs during lactation. Drug Saf. 2003 Abstract
  11. WHO / UNICEF. BREASTFEEDING AND MATERNAL MEDICATION Recommendations for Drugs in the Eleventh WHO Model List of Essential Drugs. Department of Child and Adolescent Health and Development (WHO/UNICEF) 2002 Abstract Full text (link to original source) Full text (in our servers)
  12. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Update: Interim recommendations for antimicrobial prophylaxis for children and breastfeeding mothers and treatment of children with anthrax. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2001 Abstract Full text (link to original source) Full text (in our servers)
  13. AAP - American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Drugs. Transfer of drugs and other chemicals into human milk. Pediatrics. 2001 Sep;108(3):776-89. Abstract Full text (link to original source) Full text (in our servers)
  14. Chin KG, Mactal-Haaf C, McPherson CE. Use of anti-infective agents during lactation: Part 1--Beta-lactam antibiotics, vancomycin, quinupristin-dalfopristin, and linezolid. J Hum Lact. 2000 Abstract
  15. Ito S, Blajchman A, Stephenson M, Eliopoulos C, Koren G. Prospective follow-up of adverse reactions in breast-fed infants exposed to maternal medication. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1993 May;168(5):1393-9. Abstract
  16. Fulton B, Moore LL. Antiinfectives in breastmilk. Part I: Penicillins and cephalosporins. J Hum Lact. 1992 Abstract
  17. Nau H. Clinical pharmacokinetics in pregnancy and perinatology. II. Penicillins. Dev Pharmacol Ther. 1987 Abstract
  18. Kafetzis DA, Siafas CA, Georgakopoulos PA, Papadatos CJ. Passage of cephalosporins and amoxicillin into the breast milk. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1981 Abstract

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